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Your Guide to Water Tanks and Containers

Everything you need to know about water storage.

Updated on

June 29, 2025

Blue color limits the exposure and growth of bacteria and algae. PHOTO | COURTESY

Storage of water is defined as holding water in an enclosed area for a lengthy period for private or commercial reasons. In homes, this is typically done using water storage containers or water storage tanks.

What are the common ways of storing water?

Broadly speaking, water can be stored in the atmosphere, on the ground, and below the ground. These three forms of storage can be divided into two: natural water storage, and artificial water storage.

Natural water storage happens in the atmosphere while artificial storage is done on the surface of the Earth or underground.

This article is about the artificial storage of water.

For starters, artificial storage of water can be divided into small-scale storage where people harvest and store water in tanks for domestic use, and commercial storage where water is held in ponds and dams for large-scale use.

As an individual, you will most certainly need to store water for domestic use – and below are a few tips to solve your water storage issues.

1. Storage containers

Unknown to many people, you cannot store water in any container that comes your way. Water should only be kept in a UV-resistant, food-grade water storage container or metallized bags.

The safest containers to store water are polyethylene-based plastics. The containers should be blue as the pigment limits the exposure and growth of bacteria and algae.

The color also suggests that the water is safe for human consumption.

While you can temporarily store water in disposable water bottles, this is not a good idea for long-term water storage. Use re-useable Nalgene bottles for long-term storage of water.

You can also store water in soda bottles although your drinking water may acquire a cola taste due to plastic bottles’ ability to absorb flavors.

2. Storage setting

Always keep your water storage containers in a dark and cool area to prevent algae and bacteria growth. Be sure to store water in a basement, or a storage room to avoid direct or indirect sunlight.

In case you are using barrels for your water storage, place a non-porous insulation barrier – such as wood – between a cement floor and the barrel to prevent hydration reactions.

Besides, keep in mind that most water storage barrels are not designed to be piled on each other. If you are constrained by space and you need to stack your water, go for water storage containers that have grooves on the bottom for stacking.

3. Sizes of containers

Truth be told, you cannot solely rely on barrels for your water storage needs. Some situations will demand that you carry water in small quantities.

It is therefore important to acquire water storage containers of varied sizes: small, medium, large, and extra large. You can always siphon water from your extra-large water storage tanks into small vessels for mobility during a crisis.

4. Duration of storage

Although water cannot expire, it can become stale. It is advisable to replace stored water once a year to ensure freshness. But if this is not possible, water can be rotated to restore its freshness and eliminate the stale taste.

For emergency water storage, regularly check for container integrity, contamination, or odd smells—and treat or rotate the stored water accordingly.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the best water storage tank for home use?

The best water storage tank for home use is typically a food-grade plastic tank made from polyethylene. These tanks are durable, UV-resistant, and available in sizes ranging from 100 to 10,000 litres. Brands that offer stackable or space-efficient designs are ideal for small homes.

How long can you store water in containers?

Water can be stored safely for up to 6–12 months in clean, sealed water storage containers. It’s best to rotate or replace the water every year, even if it appears clear, to maintain freshness and avoid contamination.

Are plastic containers safe for long-term water storage?

Yes, food-grade plastic containers (marked HDPE #2) are safe for long-term water storage. Avoid containers that previously held non-food substances, and always clean and sanitise before use.

How much emergency water storage do I need?

For emergency water storage, it’s recommended to store at least 4 litres per person per day—half for drinking and half for hygiene. A minimum of three days’ supply is advised, but storing up to two weeks is ideal during disasters.

Can I stack water storage tanks or barrels?

Most water storage tanks and barrels are not designed to be stacked unless explicitly stated. If you’re short on space, use stackable water storage containers designed with interlocking bases and tops for safety.